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Employee Provident Fund
The Employee Provident Fund is meant for all employees in the organized sector. The income that you receive is tax free and you can withdraw your money only during retirement. At 8.50% returns per annum, the EPF is a great tool to save tax for salaried people – forced savings has it own advantages and the money that gets automatically deducted from your salary account can form a nice little corpus at retirement.
EPF scores very low on the liquidity front – you just cannot pull out money as and when you wish. A withdrawal is allowed but only for emergency needs like a child’s marriage or building a house. While it compromises on the liquidity, it scores very high on the safety aspect.
Ensure that you do not dip into your retirement savings come what may otherwise you will lose out big time at the time of retirement.
Public Provident Fund
The Public Provident Fund (PPF) as it is commonly called is another alternative of the best ways to save income tax in India in 2013. PPF is meant for risk averse investors and is good for those who cannot save via the EPF. Self employed professionals should take a serious look at the PPF as an ideal retirement saving tool.
For those who do not know, small savings schemes returns have now been linked to the market and hence the PPF is giving returns at 8.8% this year. Like the EPF, the PPF scores very poor on the liquidity front as one can make partial withdrawals from the 6th year onwards. It is a safe investment option.
Bank Fixed Deposits
The 5 year bank fixed deposits are another investment option to save tax in 2013 for risk averse investors. One needs to be aware that the money is locked in for 5 years so you cannot withdraw it before that. The safety aspect is also very high.
With the 5 year bank fixed deposits offering in the range of 8% – 9%, investors can look to park their money in this investment option for 2014.
Insurance Policies
This is the favourite for those who are caught in the investment is insurance rut. Such people are also sitting targets for insurnace companies wanting to close down on sale of insurance products during the first 3 months of the year.
There are different types of life insurance policies in the market, the non market linked ones – endowment, whole life, moneyback plans will offer a meager 6% – 7% returns to you on an average. Your money is safe as it is not exposed to the market volatility – that is something which another category of insurance policies find themselves in – Unit Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs).
ULIPs give you a plethora of options to invest your money in and partial withdrawals are possible. So you can go for the most risk option and channel your premiums in the stock market or in the debt market or mix and match both. The safety of your money depends on which option you chose.
The income that you receive from insurance policies is tax free. While ULIPs are suitable for those who can understand long term investing and how the stock markets work, the non market linked insurance policies are for risk averse investors who are happy with the low rate of returns. As far as liquidity is concerned, ULIPs have a lock in of 3/5 years post which your money is made available to you but the endowment plans can return money to you only at maturity.
New Pension Scheme (NPS)
Another option among the best ways to save income tax in India in 2014 is the NPS. Again, it gives you an option to invest both in equity and debt so its returns are linked to the market. Unfortunately, there are no withdrawals permitted before retirement so investors might not fancy that a bit.
Equity Linked Saving Schemes (ELSS)
The ELSS are nothing but tax saving mutual funds which have a lock in for 3 years – you can withdraw your money after this mandatory lock in period. Since they invest in the stock market, they will give you decent returns but their safety aspect is therefore low. Hence these are meant for investors who understand the stock market and are willing to ride the volatility for some decent returns.
As of today, the income tax rules exempt the dividends and the capital gains you make on selling them and with a return of approximately 15% in the last 1 year (2012), these make sense to be looked at.
For those who want some exposure to equity, the ELSS is one of the best ways to save income tax in India in 2014.
And finally here is an infographic which talks about other options like the Senior Citizen Saving Scheme (SCSS) and National Savings Certificate (NSC) apart from the ones mentioned above.
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